Open wernerboy.m in the Editor
Run in the Command Window

Werner Boy's Surface

In 1901, David Hilbert assigned Werner Boy the task of proving once and for all that it was impossible to embed the Projective Plane into 3-space without singularities. Instead Boy came back with this surface. It has a triple point, but no singularity.

n = 128;
u = linspace(0,pi,n);
v = linspace(0,pi,n);

u = repmat(u,n,1);
v = repmat(v',1,n);

x = cos(v).*sin(u);
y = sin(v).*sin(u);
z = cos(u);
f = 1/2*((2*x.^2-y.^2-z.^2) + 2*y.*z.*(y.^2-z.^2) +  ...
    z.*x.*(x.^2-z.^2) + x.*y.*(y.^2-x.^2));
g = sqrt(3)/2 * ((y.^2-z.^2) + z.*x.*(z.^2-x.^2) + x.*y.*(y.^2-x.^2));
h = (x+y+z).*((x+y+z).^3 + 4*(y-x).*(z-y).*(x-z));

clf
s = surf(f,g,h/10,u, ...
    'LineStyle','none', ...
    'FaceLighting','gouraud', ...
    'FaceColor','interp');
colormap jet;

axis off;
daspect([1 1 1]);
l1 = light;
l2 = light;
lightangle(l1,70,-40);
lightangle(l2,-30,80);
view(-40,32);
camzoom(1.5);